Colorimeter



June 10, 1941. P. A. E. Hl-:LLIGE ooLoRIMETER t Filed Feb. 1v, 1940 s sheets-sheet 1 S .5K4 L -L Sha. .9

S, MN,

ATTORNEYS June 1 0, 1941. P. A. E. HELLIGE 2,244,839

coLoRIMETER Filed Feb; 17; 1940 s sheets-shea s INVENTOR ATTORNEYS .Y Patented June 10, 1.941

` UNITED STATES' PATENT oFFlcs clll39 C I Pall A. E. HCH-IIC, 110ml neuh, N Y.

Application February 17, 194|, No. 319,439

(CLS-14) Schirm.

This invention rentes to colorimeter-e suon as are usedin the examination and analysis of colored liquids, bacterial solutions, and chemical mixtures in liquid form.

The objects of the invention arg to simplify the construction and operation of instruments of ofadjustable stages for supporting the usualstandard and test solutions, and means including an eyepiece for comparing the colors of the solutions at various depths. In making an analysis the operator adjusts one or both of these stages containing the standard and test solutions until the two bands of color viewed through the eyepiece become equal in intensity, whereupon readings are taken from scales associated with the two stages, and, for certain purposes such as the determination or haemoglobin, these readings are referred to a conversion chart or table which is mounted either in the base of the colorimeter or is otherwise available to the oper- .ator- The principal feature of the present invention resides in so constructing a colorimeter ot the above type that-allnecessary operations, from the time the solutions are placed in the device until the nal reading is taken, may be performed.

easily and quickly without requiring the operator to shift his position or even turn his head from the general position of the eyepiece.

For convenience and speedy operation, the scales which indicate the liquid depths of both the standard and test solutions are carried by rotatable drums which are so placed that they tace the operator and can easily be read from the general position of the eyepiece. The scales carriedbythesedrumsmaybe such as toindicate the liquid depth, or they may be calibrated for a direct reading or the values for various purposes .and the scale drums, they all face the operator,

thus enabling a convenient handling of these parts, and, in regard to the lter plate, its cleaning. This arrangement makes it unnecessary for the operator to reach around the frame of the colorimeter toremove the cups, and. 'it enables the body of the operator to protect the solutio from interfering light. l

'I'he windows through which the readings on the drums are obtained are provided with adjustable index points, which allows a quick adjustment for any irregularity in the length oi the plungers or thickness of the bottoms of the cups` holding the standard and test These windows are -so located that the readings can be made from the same eye position from which the color comparison is made.,

Another feature of the invention resides in the l provision of a slot or receptacle in the upper part of the colorimeter for the insertion of plates containing color standards of glass or the like into the iield of the lens system, which color standards are frequently used in place of astanti-f ard solution. 'I'he arrangement o1 these colorstandard plates. with a suitable nameplate on each for identiiication of the standard, is such that the name is readable from the same eye position from which the color iields are observed.

Still another feature of the invention resides in the provision of a novel conversion chart in the base of the colorimeter, which is preferably Fig. 1` is a from; elevation of a 'colorimeter embodying theinvention;-

Fig. 2 is a side view thereof:

Fig. a 1s a vertical section through the colorimeter;

Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on the line Fig. -5 is a transverse-section on the line V5 5 i v of Fig. 1; e Y

Fig. 6 is a transverse section through the lens system, taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 3;

Fig. I is a sectional view vtaken on line 1-1 of Fig. 1, showing the j adjustable index points on the windowsy through which `the drum readings are taken; Y

ing colors. The band B8 is mounted on rotatable spools 10 and 1| which are `.iournaled in frame members 12 in the hollow base I, while the band 59 is mounted on rotatable spools 13,

. 1I and 15, which are similarly Journaled in said frame members as best shown in Fig. 9. A common sprocket wheel 11, mounted on a rotatable shaft 18 which extends out through the iront oi' the base I, is provided with teeth engaging perforations 19 adjacent the edges of the bands 60 and 69. An operating knob 89 is keyed to the shaft 18 at the front of the colorimeter as shown in Figs, 2, 3, 5 and 10.

The bands 5B and 69 contain suitable scales which are observable through windows 8| and B2, respectively, which are mounted in the top oithebase i asbestshowninl'lgs.4,5and 9. One of these scales would usually be used for converting the ratio of liquid depth, and the other for any desired purpose such as haemoglobin readings, in orderl to obtain the result directly from the liquid depth of the test solution. It has heretofore been proposed to accomplish a similar result by employing a single elongated band containing a scale for the oonversion ratio as well as a scale for the specific method. However, such arrangement Arequires an extremely long band and requires a considerable number of turns of the actuating knob in order'to switch from one table to the other,

which disadvantages are avoided by my improved construction. The invention claimed is:

l. A colorimeter comprising a frame, a pair of vertically movable stages on said frame for supporting standard and test solutions, means including an eyepiece at the top of said frame for comparing the color of said solutions, means including a pair of independent rotatable shafts mounted on said fra-me for raising and lowering said stages, separate rotatable drums actuated by said shafts, said drums being located in the direct line of vision from the general observat-ion position of said eyepiece and containing calibrati-ons readable from said observation position so that the eyepiece and the calibrations on said drums may be viewed without substantial shiftingy in eye position, and means for directing light from a common source at the bottomof said frame underneath said stages and upon the calibrations of said rotatable drums to illuminate samer e 2. A calorimeter comprising a frame having a back wall and side/walls, a pair of vertically movable stages on the4 front of said back wall for supporting'standard and test solutions, means including a forwardly inclined eyepiece mounted at the top of said frame and projecting forward- -ly beyond said back wall for comparing the color of said solutions, a pair of independent rotatable shafts extending through opposite side walls of said frame and having operating vmeans readily aessible from the front o! said frame, means actuated by the respective shafts i'or raising and lowering said stages, drums carried by said shafts,

3. A colorimeter comprising a frame, a pair of vertically movable stages on said frame for supporting standard and test solutions, an optical system including a color observing eyepiece mounted on the top of said frame and sloping well toward the front thereof to a'convenient observation position for comparing the color of said solutions, a receptacle in said optical system for the reception of a color-standard plate identifiable from said observation position, a pair of independent rotatable shafts carried onl said frame and having operating means readily accessible from the front of said frame, means actuated by the respective shafts for raising and lowering said stages, drums carried by said shafts, said drums being located in the direct line of vision. from .the general observation position of said eyepiece and containing calibrations readable irom said observation position so that the eyepiece and the calibrations on said drums may -be viewed without substantial shitting in eye pcsltion, and a lamp at the bottom of said frame underneath said stages and said drums in position to illuminate same.

4. A calorimeter comprising a frame having an enclosed lower portion, a pair of vertically movable stages on the front of said frame above said enclosed lower portion for supporting standard and test solutions, means including an eyepiece mounted on .the top of said iraane'and projecting well toward the front thereof'for comparing the color of said solutions, a pair of independen-t rotatable shatts in the enclosed lower portion of said frame extending through opposite sides of rthe frame and having operating means readily accessible from the front of said said drum-s being located in the direct )ine of l vision from the general observation position o! said eyepiece and containing calibrations readable from said observation position so that the eyepiece and the calibrations onv said drums may be viewed Without substantial sluiting in eye position, and a lamp at the bottom of said frame in position to illuminate said stages and the calibrations on said drums.

frame, means actuated by the respective shafts for raising and lowering said stages, calibrated vdrums carried by said shafts Within the enclosed lower portion of said frame adjacent the respective sides thereof, windows in the enclosed lower portion of said iframe adjacent the respective drums for reading said calibrations from the general position of said eyepiece, index points between said windows and said drums adjustable in the direction of rotation of said drums, and means for directing light from within the enclosed lower portion of said frame underneath said stages and upon saidy drums to illuminate same.

5. A colorimeter comprising a hollow base, a frame mounted thereon, a pair of vertically movable stages on said frame for supporting stand, ard and test solutions, means including an eyepiece at the vtop of said frame for comparing the color of said solutions, means including a pair of independent rotatable shafts mounted on. said frame for raising and lowering said stages. separate rotatable drums actuated by said shafts,

said drums being located in the direct line of vision from the general observation position of said eyepiece and containing calibrations readable from said observation 'position so that the eyepiece and the calibrations on said drums may calibrations on seid rotatable drums to illuminate some.

6. A calorimeter comprising e, imm@ moving on enclosed lower portion, o paix oil vertic'nllir movable stages on the loont of said ironie eloove said enclosed lower nor-tion for supporting stondard and test solutions, means including en eyepiece mounted on the top of sind freine sind projecting well towel-ol the front 'thereof for composing the color ci seid solutions, o, peil' of in= dependent rotstobie shcfts dn the enclosed lower portion of said. frame extending through ozono site sides of the frame and having operating emesso means recmiy oocessible from the front of sold ironie, mmns actuated by the respective shafts for reisin ond lowering seid stages, calibrated drums carried by said shafts within the enclosed lowes' portion. of seid frame adjacent the respective sides thegeof, windows in Ithe enclosed lower portion of said frame adjacent the respective drums for reading said calibrations from the generoi pomtion of seid eyepiece, and a, lomp in the enclosed lower portion of seid frame underneath sold stages and said drums imposition to illuminote seme. .l

PAUL A. E. HEILIGE. 

